CVE-2025-22151

Vulnerability Summary
A type confusion vulnerability exists in Strawberry GraphQL's relay integration that affects multiple ORM integrations (Django, SQLAlchemy, Pydantic). The vulnerability occurs when multiple GraphQL types are mapped to the same underlying model while using the relay node interface.

Affected Components

• Strawberry GraphQL relay integration
• Specifically impacts implementations using:
  • Django integration
  • SQLAlchemy integration
  • Pydantic integration

Technical Details

The vulnerability manifests when:

1. Multiple GraphQL types inherit from relay.Node
2. These types are mapped to the same database model
3. The global node field is used for type resolution

Example of vulnerable code:

from fruits.models import Fruit
import strawberry_django
import strawberry

@strawberry_django.type(Fruit)
class FruitType(relay.Node):
    name: strawberry.auto

@strawberry_django.type(Fruit)
class SpecialFruitType(relay.Node):
    secret_name: strawberry.auto

@strawberry.type
class Query:
    node: relay.Node = strawberry_django.node()

Security Impact

When querying for a specific type using the global node field (e.g., FruitType:some-id), the resolver may incorrectly return an instance of a different type mapped to the same model (e.g., SpecialFruitType). This can lead to:

1. Information disclosure if the alternate type exposes sensitive fields
2. Potential privilege escalation if the alternate type contains data intended for restricted access

Note
Even with knowledge of the correct type name (e.g., SpecialFruitType), attackers may still be able to access unauthorized data through direct type queries.

We recommend to use permission on fields instead of creating a dedicate type.

Recommendations

1. Avoid mapping multiple relay Node types to the same model
2. Implement strict access controls at the field resolution level (using permissions)
3. Consider using separate models for different access levels of the same data
4. Update to strawberry-graphql>=0.257.0
5. If using strawberry-graphql-django, update to strawberry-graphql-django>=0.54.0

An object is accessed using a type that is incompatible with its actual type, causing the runtime to interpret memory incorrectly. Typical impact: memory safety violations, unexpected behavior, or code execution.

CVE-2025-22151 has a CVSS score of 3.7 (Low). The vector is network-reachable, no privileges required, and no user interaction. A CVSS score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether this affects your application depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable in your environment. A fixed version is available (0.257.0); upgrading removes the vulnerable code path.

Kodem intelligence

1. What is CVE-2025-22151? CVE-2025-22151 is a low-severity type confusion vulnerability in strawberry-graphql (pip), affecting versions >= 0.182.0, < 0.257.0. It is fixed in 0.257.0. An object is accessed using a type that is incompatible with its actual type, causing the runtime to interpret memory incorrectly.
2. How severe is CVE-2025-22151? CVE-2025-22151 has a CVSS score of 3.7 (Low). This score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether it represents real risk in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable.
3. Which versions of strawberry-graphql are affected by CVE-2025-22151? strawberry-graphql (pip) versions >= 0.182.0, < 0.257.0 is affected.
4. Is there a fix for CVE-2025-22151? Yes. CVE-2025-22151 is fixed in 0.257.0. Upgrade to this version or later.
5. Is CVE-2025-22151 exploitable, and should I be worried? Whether CVE-2025-22151 is exploitable in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable. A CVSS score is a worst-case rating; it does not account for your specific deployment, configuration, or usage patterns. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to show which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so you can focus on the ones that represent real risk. Get a demo
6. What actually determines whether CVE-2025-22151 is exploitable, and how bad it is? Exploitability and impact are not fixed properties of a CVE. They depend on runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A high CVSS score on a dependency that never runs is not the same as real risk. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter.
7. How do I fix CVE-2025-22151? Upgrade strawberry-graphql to 0.257.0 or later.