Summary
Crayfish allows Remote Code Execution via Homarus Authorization header
Workarounds
The exploit requires making a request against the Homarus's /convert endpoint; therefore, the ability to exploit is much reduced if the microservice is not directly accessible from the Internet, so: Prevent general access from the Internet from hitting Homarus.
Configure auth in Crayfish to be more strongly required, such that requests with Authorization headers that do not validate are rejected before the problematic CLI interpolation occurs.
References
- XBOW-024-071
Impact
Remote code execution may be possible in web-accessible installations of Homarus in certain configurations.
CVE-2025-25286 has a CVSS score of 9.8 (Critical). The vector is network-reachable, no privileges required, and no user interaction. A CVSS score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether this affects your application depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable in your environment. A fixed version is available (4.1.0); upgrading removes the vulnerable code path.
Affected versions
Security releases
Kodem intelligence
Severity tells you how bad this could be in the worst case. It does not tell you whether you are exposed. Exploitability and impact are functions of runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A vulnerable package can sit in your dependency tree and never run.
Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter. Kodem's runtime-powered SCA identifies whether this CVE is reachable in your applications.
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The issue has been patched in islandora/crayfish:4.1.0
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is CVE-2025-25286? CVE-2025-25286 is a critical-severity security vulnerability in islandora/crayfish (composer), affecting versions < 4.1.0. It is fixed in 4.1.0.
- How severe is CVE-2025-25286? CVE-2025-25286 has a CVSS score of 9.8 (Critical). This score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether it represents real risk in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable.
- Which versions of islandora/crayfish are affected by CVE-2025-25286? islandora/crayfish (composer) versions < 4.1.0 is affected.
- Is there a fix for CVE-2025-25286? Yes. CVE-2025-25286 is fixed in 4.1.0. Upgrade to this version or later.
- Is CVE-2025-25286 exploitable, and should I be worried? Whether CVE-2025-25286 is exploitable in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable. A CVSS score is a worst-case rating; it does not account for your specific deployment, configuration, or usage patterns. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to show which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so you can focus on the ones that represent real risk. Get a demo
- What actually determines whether CVE-2025-25286 is exploitable, and how bad it is? Exploitability and impact are not fixed properties of a CVE. They depend on runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A high CVSS score on a dependency that never runs is not the same as real risk. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-25286? Upgrade
islandora/crayfishto 4.1.0 or later.