CVE-2025-59250

CVE-2025-59250 is a high-severity improper input validation vulnerability in com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (maven), affecting versions >= 11.2.0.jre11, < 11.2.4.jre11. It is fixed in 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11, 10.2.4.jre11.

Summary

Improper input validation in JDBC Driver for SQL Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Impact

The application does not adequately validate input before processing it, allowing unexpected values to reach sensitive code paths. Typical impact: varies by context: data corruption, logic bypass, or denial of service.

CVE-2025-59250 has a CVSS score of 8.1 (High). The vector is network-reachable, no privileges required, and user interaction required. A CVSS score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether this affects your application depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable in your environment. A fixed version is available (11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11, 10.2.4.jre11); upgrading removes the vulnerable code path.

Affected versions

com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (>= 11.2.0.jre11, < 11.2.4.jre11) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (>= 12.2.0.jre11, < 12.2.1.jre11) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (>= 12.6.0.jre11, < 12.6.5.jre11) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (>= 12.8.0.jre11, < 12.8.2.jre11) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (>= 12.10.0.jre11, < 12.10.2.jre11) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (>= 13.2.0.jre11, < 13.2.1.jre11) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (>= 8.3.0.jre11-preview, < 10.2.4.jre11)

Security releases

com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc → 11.2.4.jre11 (maven) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc → 12.2.1.jre11 (maven) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc → 12.6.5.jre11 (maven) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc → 12.8.2.jre11 (maven) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc → 12.10.2.jre11 (maven) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc → 13.2.1.jre11 (maven) com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc → 10.2.4.jre11 (maven)

Kodem intelligence

Severity tells you how bad this could be in the worst case. It does not tell you whether you are exposed. Exploitability and impact are functions of runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A vulnerable package can sit in your dependency tree and never run.

Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter. Kodem's runtime-powered SCA identifies whether this CVE is reachable in your applications.

See it in your environment

Remediation advice

Upgrade the following packages to resolve this vulnerability:

com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 11.2.4.jre11 or later; com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.2.1.jre11 or later; com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.6.5.jre11 or later; com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.8.2.jre11 or later; com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.10.2.jre11 or later; com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 13.2.1.jre11 or later; com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 10.2.4.jre11 or later

Kodem Kai can prioritize this vulnerability in your dependency tree and generate a fix recommendation.

Frequently Asked Questions

  1. What is CVE-2025-59250? CVE-2025-59250 is a high-severity improper input validation vulnerability in com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (maven), affecting versions >= 11.2.0.jre11, < 11.2.4.jre11. It is fixed in 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11, 10.2.4.jre11. The application does not adequately validate input before processing it, allowing unexpected values to reach sensitive code paths.
  2. How severe is CVE-2025-59250? CVE-2025-59250 has a CVSS score of 8.1 (High). This score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether it represents real risk in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable.
  3. Which versions of com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc are affected by CVE-2025-59250? com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc (maven) versions >= 11.2.0.jre11, < 11.2.4.jre11 is affected.
  4. Is there a fix for CVE-2025-59250? Yes. CVE-2025-59250 is fixed in 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11, 10.2.4.jre11. Upgrade to this version or later.
  5. Is CVE-2025-59250 exploitable, and should I be worried? Whether CVE-2025-59250 is exploitable in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable. A CVSS score is a worst-case rating; it does not account for your specific deployment, configuration, or usage patterns. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to show which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so you can focus on the ones that represent real risk. Get a demo
  6. What actually determines whether CVE-2025-59250 is exploitable, and how bad it is? Exploitability and impact are not fixed properties of a CVE. They depend on runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A high CVSS score on a dependency that never runs is not the same as real risk. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter.
  7. How do I fix CVE-2025-59250?
    • Upgrade com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 11.2.4.jre11 or later
    • Upgrade com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.2.1.jre11 or later
    • Upgrade com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.6.5.jre11 or later
    • Upgrade com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.8.2.jre11 or later
    • Upgrade com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 12.10.2.jre11 or later
    • Upgrade com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 13.2.1.jre11 or later
    • Upgrade com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc to 10.2.4.jre11 or later

Other vulnerabilities in com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc

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