CVE-2026-33242

Details

A Path Traversal and Access Control Bypass vulnerability was discovered in the salvo-proxy component of the Salvo Rust framework (v0.89.2). The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated external attacker to bypass proxy routing constraints and access unintended backend paths (e.g., protected endpoints or administrative dashboards). This issue stems from the encode_url_path function, which fails to normalize "../" sequences and inadvertently forwards them verbatim to the upstream server by not re-encoding the "." character.

Technical Details

If someone tries to attack by sending a special code like %2e%2e, Salvo changes it back to ../ when it first checks the path. The proxy then gets this plain ../ value. When making the new URL to send forward, the encode_url_path function tries to change the path again, but its normal settings do not include the . (dot) character. Because of this, the proxy puts ../ straight into the new URL and sends a request like GET /api/../admin HTTP/1.1 to the backend server.

// crates/proxy/src/lib.rs (Lines 100-105)

pub(crate) fn encode_url_path(path: &str) -> String {
    path.split('/')
        .map(|s| utf8_percent_encode(s, PATH_ENCODE_SET).to_string())
        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
        .join("/")
}

PoC

1 - Setup an Nginx Backend Server for example
2 - Start Salvo Proxy Gateway in other port routing to /api/
3 - Run the curl to test the bypass:

curl -s http://127.0.0.1:8080/gateway/api/%2e%2e%2fadmin/index.html

If attackers take advantage of this problem, they can get past API Gateway security checks and route limits without logging in. This could accidentally make internal services, admin pages, or folders visible.

The attack works because the special path is sent as-is to the backend, which often happens in systems that follow standard web address rules. Attackers might also use different ways of writing URLs or add extra parts to the web address to get past simple security checks that only look for exact ../ patterns.

Input manipulates file paths to reach files outside the intended directory, such as configuration or credential files. Typical impact: unauthorized file read or write outside the intended directory.

CVE-2026-33242 has a CVSS score of 7.5 (High). The vector is network-reachable, no privileges required, and no user interaction. A CVSS score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether this affects your application depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable in your environment. A fixed version is available (0.89.3); upgrading removes the vulnerable code path.

Kodem intelligence

Instead of changing the text of the path manually, the proxy should use a standard way to clean up the path according to RFC 3986 before adding it to the main URL. It is better to use a trusted tool like the URL crate to join paths, or to block any path parts with “..” after decoding them. But a custom implementation maybe looks like:

pub(crate) fn encode_url_path(path: &str) -> String {
    let normalized = normalize_path(path);
    normalized.split('/')
        .map(|s| utf8_percent_encode(s, PATH_ENCODE_SET).to_string())
        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
        .join("/")
}

fn normalize_path(path: &str) -> String {
    let mut stack = Vec::new();
    for part in path.split('/') {
        match part {
            "" | "." => (), 
            ".." => { let _ = stack.pop(); },
            _ => stack.push(part),
        }
    }
    stack.join("/")
}

Vulnerable code introduced in:
https://github.com/salvo-rs/salvo/commit/7bac30e6960355c58e358e402072d4a3e5c4e1bb#diff-e319bf7afcb577f7e9f4fb767005072f6335d23f306dd52e8c94f3d222610d02R20

Author: Tomas Illuminati

1. What is CVE-2026-33242? CVE-2026-33242 is a high-severity path traversal vulnerability in salvo (rust), affecting versions >= 0.39.0, <= 0.89.2. It is fixed in 0.89.3. Input manipulates file paths to reach files outside the intended directory, such as configuration or credential files.
2. How severe is CVE-2026-33242? CVE-2026-33242 has a CVSS score of 7.5 (High). This score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether it represents real risk in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable.
3. Which versions of salvo are affected by CVE-2026-33242? salvo (rust) versions >= 0.39.0, <= 0.89.2 is affected.
4. Is there a fix for CVE-2026-33242? Yes. CVE-2026-33242 is fixed in 0.89.3. Upgrade to this version or later.
5. Is CVE-2026-33242 exploitable, and should I be worried? Whether CVE-2026-33242 is exploitable in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable. A CVSS score is a worst-case rating; it does not account for your specific deployment, configuration, or usage patterns. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to show which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so you can focus on the ones that represent real risk. Get a demo
6. What actually determines whether CVE-2026-33242 is exploitable, and how bad it is? Exploitability and impact are not fixed properties of a CVE. They depend on runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A high CVSS score on a dependency that never runs is not the same as real risk. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter.
7. How do I fix CVE-2026-33242? Upgrade salvo to 0.89.3 or later.